$cat panying.backup

red:/home/panying/work/csp 
red:/mnt/d2/panying/others/lx md

• pls note that the name must be usrname.backup,for example:avalon007.backup
• if some md must be backup,add 'md' tag at the end of your list
• memory quota is limited!2T for each user!
• water must be preprocess otherwise, quota would be restricted!

0,buy a disk

1,format and partition your mobile drive

• mac:https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/d2b1d102aa88945c7f37d453.html
  • There is a tool in OS X system for us to partition disk,follow the guide above.
  • For formatting one part of your disk into ext4,you can use the tool of our server,see below!
• windows：
  • There is also a tool in Win10 https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/425e69e6bbd0c7be14fc164a.html
  • Also install a tool to both partition and format is also recommended.

	    --> install the a tool for formating ext4:[[http://www.diskgenius.cn/|diskgenius]]
            -install
            -format this into ext4
 

• or you just use our server to do this
  • 先用sudo cfdisk找到应该格式化那个分区，假设是/dev/sdc3，然后用下面的命令格式化

          * sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc3

2,after insert your disk into rainbow,you need to mount your disk

dmesg|tail    #check if disk can be detected
	#generally speaking, sda/sdb would be "home" and "d2" respectively
sudo cfdisk /dev/sdc
	#to check which one is ext4 format
pmount /dev/sdc2 py
cd /media/py
sudo chown panying:xue /media/py
	# in case any permission denied would occur
	#can skip if the owner is yourself
        sh download.sh &

		$cat download.sh
		#!/bin/bash
		
		rsync -avz /home/panying /media/py/rainbow --exclude-from=/home/panying/cmd/exclude.me
		
		$cat exclude.me
		.AppleDouble
		2rr
		2ri
		2ir
		2ii
		1r
		1i
                nc
                dcd


	#Exclude *.dcd和*.nc。
	#making increment backup
pumount py    #unmout

3,install a tool for reading your data in windows/macs

windows: linuxreader mac: paragon

4,backup your data on your own

• first please remember last time which server your disk was mounted.
• If your disk was mounted on red,please mount it on red this time.

• then check which disk has already existed.
  • ls /dev/sd(TAB)
  • eg: if there is only /dev/sda(|b|c)/
    • then your disk would be /dev/sdd when you put it in one of our server

• mount your disk

  • pmount /dev/sdd3 py

• backup your data from server to /media/py

  • rsync ****

• exit the current window
• you can still backup your data from red using rsync -avz panying@red: even your disk is currently mounted on rainbow.
• unmount

  • pumount /media/py 

  try mount another partition
  *eg: /dev/sdd3 is currently mounted as py
  *punmout /media/py
  *pmount /dev/sdd2 py

        # umount /media/disk/
          umount: /media/disk: device is busy
          umount: /media/disk: device is busy

• First thing you need to do is to close all your terminals
• If it does't work,you can use the fuser command to find out which process was keeping the device busy:

         # fuser -m /dev/sdc1
         /dev/sdc1: 538
        # ps auxw|grep 538
         donncha 538 0.4 2.7 219212 56792 ? SLl Feb11 11:25 rhythmbox

• Rhythmbox is the culprit! Close that down and umount the drive. Problem solved!

        during data backup, fail to read /media/py anymore
        mount failed due to disconnect accidentally.
       *see if /media/py is still mounted:  df -h
       *if it is,force to unmout:sudo umount /media/py
       *remove: rmdir /media/py
       *rmdir only remove empty directory!